I did a list like this on Letterboxd, but for movies. I'll post that link sometime after I update it.
Essentially, here's a bunch of games that have had (at least semi-popular) memes made of them.

Details on what the memes are (including video links, Know Your Meme articles, etc) are in the notes of each game.

Memes based on a franchise as a whole are not included, just specific games; for example: General Sonic memes wouldn't get the whole franchise listed, but the funny edginess of Shadow The Hedgehog would.